Automotive manufacturing is a complex and ever-evolving industry shaped by technological advancements, economic conditions, and consumer preferences. As the demand for automobiles grew, automotive manufacturing has evolved from being highly reliant on manual labor to adopting new technologies and mass production techniques. The most important development in automotive manufacturing, next to the introduction of the assembly line, has been the adoption of robotics and automation. Robotics and automation have helped manufacturers improve efficiency, quality, and reduce costs. Next in this line of major transformations is smart manufacturing, driven by the rise of electric vehicles and digital manufacturing techniques.

Smart manufacturing leverages emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), robotics, automation, and the Internet of Things (IoT), to create efficient, sustainable, and adaptable production systems. Smart manufacturing techniques are being used in automotive manufacturing to improve a wide range of processes, including product design, production planning and scheduling, quality control, and supply chain management.

This research covers the various systems/products/methods that make smart manufacturing practical and addressed the following points.
  1. Various milestones in the evolution of automotive manufacturing
  2. The transition from Industry 4.0 to 5.0 and its impact on the automotive industry
  3. Various challenges and threats to the adoption of these digital technologies
  4. Extent of use of various technologies in smart manufacturing solutions

The significant questions answered include:
  1. What are the important features of a smart factory? When is a manufacturing plant smart?
  2. What are the major digital techniques employed in smart factories across the world?
  3. What is the extent of adoption of these techniques by major OEMs?
  4. What are the proposed /expected automotive smart factories around the world?
  5. What are the nascent smart manufacturing techniques that will have a huge transformative impact on the future?
Smart manufacturing is transforming the automotive manufacturing industry by improving efficiency, quality, flexibility, and sustainability. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, smart manufacturing techniques will become even more predominant. Automotive manufacturers that embrace smart manufacturing will be best-positioned to compete in the global marketplace.