Table of Content

1 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Policies, Regulations and Standards
1.1 Driving Automation Taxonomy and Standardization
1.1.1 SAE’s Taxonomy for Driving Automation (1)
1.1.2 SAE’s Taxonomy for Driving Automation (2)
1.1.3 China’s Taxonomy of Driving Automation for Vehicles (1)
1.1.4 China’s Taxonomy of Driving Automation for Vehicles (2)
1.1.5 China’s Taxonomy of Driving Automation for Vehicles (3)
1.1.6 ISO TC22 ADAG Working Group
1.1.7 ISO TC22/SC32/WG8 Working Group
1.1.8 United Nations World Forum for the Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29)
1.1.9 ISO’s First International Safety Standard for L4 Automated Driving Systems
1.1.10 ISO 22737: L4 LSAD (Low Speed Automated Driving) System Architecture

1.2 China’s Autonomous Driving Policies and Regulations
1.2.1 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Summary
1.2.2 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Notice of the Four Ministries and Commissions on Piloting Access and On-road Passage of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (1)
1.2.3 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Notice of the Four Ministries and Commissions on Piloting Access and On-road Passage of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (2)
1.2.4 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Notice of the Four Ministries and Commissions on Piloting Access and On-road Passage of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (3)
1.2.5 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Notice of the Four Ministries and Commissions on Piloting Access and On-road Passage of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (4)
1.2.6 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Notice of the Four Ministries and Commissions on Piloting Access and On-road Passage of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (5)
1.2.7 China’s L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Autonomous Vehicle Transportation Safety Service Guidelines (Trial) Issued by the Ministry of Transport

1.3 Global Autonomous Driving Policies and Regulations
1.3.1 The Global Autonomous Driving Industry Usher in Substantial Policy Promotion
1.3.2 Global L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Summary
1.3.3 Global L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Japan’s Road Traffic Act
1.3.4 Global L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Japan’s Autonomous Driving Environment Construction Measures
1.3.5 Global L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Japan’s Autonomous Driving Development Goals
1.3.6 Global L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Regulations: Japan’s RoAD to the L4 Project


2 Status Quo of L4 Autonomous Driving Market
2.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Market Size
2.1.1 China’s Passenger Car OEM L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Market Size
2.1.2 China’s Commercial Vehicle L4 Autonomous Driving Market Size (OEM + AM)
2.1.3 Appendix Table-1 on Scale of L4 Autonomous Vehicles (Passenger Cars) in China
2.1.4 Appendix Table-2 on Scale of L4 Autonomous Vehicles (Operating Vehicles) in China

2.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Competitive Pattern
2.2.1 Major Players in Global L4 Autonomous Driving Market (1)
2.2.2 Major Players in Global L4 Autonomous Driving Market (2)
2.2.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Main Suppliers (1)
2.2.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Main Suppliers (2)
2.2.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Main Suppliers (3)
2.2.6 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Main Suppliers (4)
2.2.7 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Main Suppliers (5)


3 Application Sub-scenarios of L4 Autonomous Driving
3.1 Business Model
3.1.1 Designated Scenarios for Commercial Application of L4 Autonomous Driving
3.1.2 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 1: Multi-scenario Layout (1)
3.1.3 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 1: Multi-scenario Layout (2)
3.1.4 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 1: Multi-scenario Layout (3)
3.1.5 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 1: Multi-scenario Layout (4)
3.1.6 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 1: Multi-scenario Layout (5)
3.1.7 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 2: Dimension Reduction Application (1)
3.1.8 L4 Suppliers’ Commercialization Model 2: Dimension Reduction Application (2)

3.2 L4 Application Scenario – Robotaxi
3.2.1 Commercialization Progress of Global Robotaxi Industry
3.2.2 Commercial Development Characteristics of RoboTaxi
3.2.3 RoboTaxi Business Models
3.2.4 Robotaxi Market Players 1: “Iron Triangle” Model
3.2.5 Summary of Robotaxi Market Players in “Iron Triangle” Model (1)
3.2.6 Summary of Robotaxi Market Players in “Iron Triangle” Model (2)
3.2.7 Summary of Robotaxi Market Players in “Iron Triangle” Model (3)
3.2.8 Robotaxi Market Players 2: Emerging Carmakers Make A Foray into the Market
3.2.9 Statistics for Foreign Robotaxi Operators (1)
3.2.10 Statistics for Foreign Robotaxi Operators (2)
3.2.11 Statistics for Chinese Robotaxi Operators (1)
3.2.12 Statistics for Chinese Robotaxi Operators (2)
3.2.13 Robotaxi Comparison between Apollo Go, Pony.ai and Xiangdao Chuxing (1)
3.2.14 Robotaxi Comparison between Apollo Go, Pony.ai and Xiangdao Chuxing (2)
3.2.15 Robotaxi Comparison between Apollo Go, Pony.ai and Xiangdao Chuxing (3)
3.2.16 Scale Development of Robotaxi in China
3.2.17 Robotaxi Ownership in China

3.3 L4 Application Scenario – Autonomous Shuttle
3.3.1 Role of Autonomous Shuttles in Urban Operation
3.3.2 Low Speed Autonomous Shuttle Suppliers in China (1)
3.3.3 Low Speed Autonomous Shuttle Suppliers in China (2)
3.3.4 Low Speed Autonomous Shuttle Suppliers in China (3)
3.3.5 Autonomous Shuttle Products (1)
3.3.6 Autonomous Shuttle Products (2)
3.3.7 Autonomous Shuttle Products (3)
3.3.8 Commercial Operation of RoboBus
3.3.9 Autonomous Shuttle Market Size
3.3.10 Layout of Some Autonomous Shuttle Suppliers

3.4 L4 Application Scenario - Autonomous Delivery
3.4.1 Autonomous Delivery Industry Chain
3.4.2 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (1)
3.4.3 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (2)
3.4.4 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (3)
3.4.5 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (4)
3.4.6 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (5)
3.4.7 Major Application Providers Deploy Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Products (6)
3.4.8 China’s Outdoor Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Market Size
3.4.9 China’s Autonomous Delivery Market Structure (1)
3.4.10 China’s Autonomous Delivery Market Structure (2)
3.4.11 China’s Autonomous Delivery Market Structure (3)
3.4.12 Major Application Providers’ Commercial Operation Layout of Autonomous Delivery Vehicles (1)
3.4.13 Major Application Providers’ Commercial Operation Layout of Autonomous Delivery Vehicles (2)
3.4.14 Major Application Providers’ Commercial Operation Layout of Autonomous Delivery Vehicles (3)
3.4.15 Autonomous Delivery Business Model
3.4.16 Focus of Commercialization of Autonomous Delivery (1)
3.4.17 Focus of Commercialization of Autonomous Delivery (2)

3.5 L4 Application Scenario - Autonomous Truck
3.5.1 Bottlenecks in Development of Autonomous Trucks
3.5.2 Pattern of L3+/L4 Autonomous Truck System Suppliers
3.5.3 Autonomous Truck Technology Development Route
3.5.4 Autonomous Truck Business Model: Mining Scenario
3.5.5 Autonomous Truck Business Model: Port Scenario
3.5.6 Commercialized Autonomous Truck Solutions (1)
3.5.7 Commercialized Autonomous Truck Solutions (2)
3.5.8 Autonomous Truck Market Players 1 in China (1)
3.5.9 Autonomous Truck Market Players 1 in China (2)
3.5.10 Autonomous Truck Market Players 2 in China
3.5.11 Autonomous Truck Market Players 3 in China
3.5.12 Comparison between Major L4 Autonomous Truck Suppliers
3.5.13 RoboTruck Solution
3.5.14 RoboTruck Application Case in Closed Scenario
3.5.15 Status Quo of China’s Autonomous Truck Market Segments - Port
3.5.16 Status Quo of China’s Autonomous Truck Market Segments - Mine
3.5.17 Status Quo of China’s Autonomous Truck Market Segments – Park Logistics
3.5.18 China’s Autonomous Truck Market Size

4 Key Technologies for Mass Production of L4 Autonomous Driving
4.1 Key Technologies for L4 Autonomous Driving: Algorithms
4.1.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Requires Higher Computing Power (1)
4.1.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Requires Higher Computing Power (2)
4.1.3 Evolution of Autonomous Driving Algorithms
4.1.4 Autonomous Driving Algorithms: Modular Algorithm
4.1.5 Autonomous Driving Algorithms: End-to-end Foundation Model Algorithm
4.1.6 Evolution of Foundation Model Algorithms for Autonomous Driving
4.1.7 The Application of Foundation Models Accelerates the Implementation of L3/L4 Autonomous Driving
4.1.8 L4 Autonomous Driving Algorithm Suppliers (1)
4.1.9 L4 Autonomous Driving Algorithm Suppliers (2)
4.1.10 L4 Autonomous Driving Algorithm Suppliers (3)
4.1.11 L4 Autonomous Driving Algorithm Suppliers (4)
4.1.12 L4 Autonomous Driving Algorithm Suppliers (5)
4.1.13 Autonomous Driving Software Algorithm Solutions (1)
4.1.14 Autonomous Driving Software Algorithm Solutions (2)
4.1.15 Autonomous Driving Software Algorithm Solutions (3)
4.1.16 Autonomous Driving Software Algorithm Solutions (4)

4.2 Key Technologies for L4 Autonomous Driving: Data Closed Loop
4.2.1 High-level Autonomous Driving Evolves towards Data-centric
4.2.2 Importance of Data Closed Loop to L4 Autonomous Driving
4.2.3 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Technology 1
4.2.4 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Technology 2
4.2.5 Suppliers with Autonomous Driving Closed Loop Capabilities
4.2.6 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Suppliers (1)
4.2.7 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Suppliers (2)
4.2.8 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Suppliers (3)
4.2.9 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 1 (1)
4.2.10 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 1 (2)
4.2.11 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 2
4.2.12 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 3 (1)
4.2.13 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 3 (2)
4.2.14 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 4
4.2.15 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 5
4.2.16 Autonomous Driving Data Closed Loop Case 6

4.3 Key Technologies for L4 Autonomous Driving: Redundancy
4.3.1 Autonomous Driving Redundant System Suppliers: Braking Redundancy
4.3.2 Autonomous Driving Redundant System Suppliers: Sensing Redundancy
4.3.3 Autonomous Driving Redundant System Suppliers: Computing Redundancy
4.3.4 Autonomous Driving Redundancy Cases (1)
4.3.5 Autonomous Driving Redundancy Cases (2)
4.3.6 Autonomous Driving Redundancy Cases (3)
4.3.7 Autonomous Driving Redundancy Cases (3)

4.4 Key Technologies for L4 Autonomous Driving: Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperation
4.4.1 Vehicle-Road Cooperation Empowers Autonomous Smart Mobility
4.4.2 Release of Coordinated Development Framework for Vehicle-Road Cooperative Autonomous Driving System (Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integrated System) (1)
4.4.3 Release of Coordinated Development Framework for Vehicle-Road Cooperative Autonomous Driving System (Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integrated System) (2)
4.4.4 China Established Its First Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integration Research Center
4.4.5 Large AI Models Empower Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integration and Accelerate Implementation of Autonomous Driving
4.4.6 China’s First Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperative L4 Autonomous Driving Highway Was Available
4.4.7 Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperative Solution Suppliers (1)
4.4.8 Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperative Solution Suppliers (2)
4.4.9 Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperative Solution Suppliers (3)
4.4.10 Vehicle-Road-Cloud Integrated Solutions
4.4.11 L4 Autonomous Driving Case Based on Vehicle-Road-Cloud Cooperation

4.5 Key Technologies for L4 Autonomous Driving: HD Maps and Positioning
4.5.1 Requirements of L4 Autonomous Driving for HD Map (1)
4.5.2 Requirements of L4 Autonomous Driving for HD Maps (2)
4.5.3 Requirements of L4 Autonomous Driving for High-Precision Positioning Technology
4.5.4 Providers of HD Maps for L3/L4 Autonomous Driving: Conventional Map Providers (1)
4.5.5 Providers of HD Maps for L3/L4 Autonomous Driving: Conventional Map Providers (2)
4.5.6 Providers of HD Maps for L3/L4 Autonomous Driving: Commercial Vehicles (1)
4.5.7 Providers of HD Maps for L3/L4 Autonomous Driving: Commercial Vehicles (2)
4.5.8 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving HD Map and Positioning Cases (1)
4.5.9 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving HD Map and Positioning Cases (2)
4.5.10 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving HD Map and Positioning Cases (3)


5 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of OEMs
5.1 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Layout of OEMs
5.1.1 L4 Autonomous Vehicle Products and Application Plans of Major OEMs
5.1.2 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Planning and Layout of OEMs (1)
5.1.3 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Planning and Layout of OEMs (2)
5.1.4 Comparison of L4 Autonomous Driving Solution between OEMs (1)
5.1.5 Comparison of L4 Autonomous Driving Solution between OEMs (2)
5.1.6 Typical L4 Solution Configuration of OEMs
5.1.7 OEMs That Have Obtained L3 Autonomous Driving Road Test Licenses in China

5.2 Xpeng
5.2.1 Autonomous Driving Planning
5.2.2 Autonomous Driving System Evolution Route
5.2.3 Ultimate Form before Realizing L4 Autonomous Driving (1)
5.2.4 Ultimate Form before Realizing L4 Autonomous Driving (2)
5.2.5 All-scenario Intelligent Driving Architecture - XBrain
5.2.6 Intelligent Driving Technology Base (1)
5.2.7 Intelligent Driving Technology Base (2)
5.2.8 Intelligent Driving Technology Base (3)
5.2.9 The Key to Next-generation Mid- and Back-end Capabilities
5.2.10 AI Technology Base in the “Second Half” of Intelligent Driving (1)
5.2.11 AI Technology Base in the “Second Half” of Intelligent Driving (2)
5.2.12 AI Technology Base in the “Second Half” of Intelligent Driving (3)
5.2.13 AI Technology Base in the “Second Half” of Intelligent Driving (4)
5.2.14 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning

5.3 Li Auto
5.3.1 Autonomous Driving System Evolution Route
5.3.2 Algorithm Architecture of Intelligent Driving 3.0
5.3.3 Intelligent Driving End-to-end Algorithm Underlying Technology (1)
5.3.4 Intelligent Driving End-to-end Algorithm Underlying Technology (2)
5.3.5 Perception Algorithm
5.3.6 Planning & Control Algorithm
5.3.7 Autonomous Driving Training Platform
5.3.8 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning
5.3.9 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Base (1)
5.3.10 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Base (2)
5.3.11 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Base (3)

5.4 Chery
5.4.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning (1)
5.4.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning (2)
5.4.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning (3)
5.4.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Base

5.5 GAC
5.5.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Layout
5.5.2 Robotaxi Ecosystem Layout
5.5.3 L4 Autonomous Driving
5.5.4 GAC Aion Joined Hands with Wuxi Communications Industry Group: Establishing A L4 Autonomous Driving Demonstration Zone

5.6 Great Wall Motor
5.6.1 L3/L4 Autonomous Driving Route Planning
5.6.2 Haomo.ai’s Hpilot Autonomous Driving Product Roadmap
5.6.3 Haomo.ai’s Technology Base for the Era of Autonomous Driving 3.0 (1)
5.6.4 Haomo.ai’s Technology Base for the Era of Autonomous Driving 3.0 (2)
5.6.5 Haomo.ai’s Technology Base for the Era of Autonomous Driving 3.0 (3)
5.6.6 Haomo.ai’s Technology Base for the Era of Autonomous Driving 3.0 (4)

5.7 Tesla
5.7.1 Autonomous Driving System Algorithm Layout
5.7.2 Full Self-Driving (FSD) V12 (1)
5.7.3 Full Self-Driving (FSD) V12 (2)
5.7.4 Computing Power Support for FSD Systems

5.8 Toyota
5.8.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution (1)
5.8.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution (2)
5.8.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution (3)

5.9 Volvo
5.9.1 Autonomous Driving Technology Route
5.9.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution
5.9.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 1
5.9.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 2

5.10 Mercedes-Benz
5.10.1 L3 Autonomous Driving Solution (1)
5.10.2 L3 Autonomous Driving Solution (2)
5.10.3 L3 Autonomous Driving Solution (3)
5.10.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution

5.11 Volkswagen
5.11.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution
5.11.2 SAIC Volkswagen’s L4 Autonomous Driving Planning
5.11.3 SAIC Volkswagen’s L4 Autonomous Driving Platform Sensor Solution

5.12 SAIC
5.12.1 AI LAB L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (1)
5.12.2 AI LAB L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (2)
5.12.3 AI LAB L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (3)
5.12.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Layout (1)
5.12.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Layout (2)

5.13 Other Automakers
5.13.1 BMW’s L3 Autonomous Driving Solution
5.13.2 Hongqi’s L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Solution
5.13.3 Yutong’s L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Solution


6 L4 Autonomous Driving Solutions of Tier1s and Startups
6.1 Waymo
6.1.1 L4 Autonomous Driving System
6.1.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 1
6.1.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 2
6.1.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 3
6.1.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 4
6.1.6 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 4
6.1.7 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 5
6.1.8 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 6
6.1.9 L4 Products (1)
6.1.10 L4 Products (2)
6.1.11 Waymo Set Back Its Self-driving Truck Business Waymo Via

6.2 Cruise
6.2.1 Autonomous Vehicles (1)
6.2.2 Autonomous Vehicles (2)
6.2.3 Autonomous Vehicles (3)
6.2.4 Autonomous Driving Technology 1
6.2.5 Autonomous Driving Technology 2
6.2.6 Autonomous Driving Technology 3
6.2.7 L4 Product 1
6.2.8 L4 Product 2
6.2.9 L4 Product 3
6.2.10 Cruise Fully Suspended Its Autonomous Vehicle Business

6.3 Aurora
6.3.1 Aurora Cooperated with Continental to Build Autonomous Truck Transportation System Aurora Driver
6.3.2 Autonomous Driving System (1)
6.3.3 Autonomous Driving System (2)
6.3.4 Autonomous Driving Technology
6.3.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Layout

6.4 Valeo
6.4.1 L3 and L3+ Autonomous Driving Solutions
6.4.2 Valeo and Didi Cooperated to Deploy L4 Autonomous Driving
6.4.3 Valeo Cooperated with BMW to Develop L4 Automated Parking Technology

6.5 Baidu Apollo
6.5.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Evolution
6.5.2 L4 Technology 1
6.5.3 L4 Technology 2
6.5.4 L4 Product 1 (1)
6.5.5 L4 Product 1 (2)
6.5.6 L4 Product 1 (3)
6.5.7 L4 Product 1 (4)
6.5.8 L4 Product 1 (5)
6.5.9 L4 Product 1 (6)
6.5.10 L4 Product 2
6.5.11 L4 Product 3
6.5.12 L4 Product 4

6.6 Pony.ai
6.6.1 Profile
6.6.2 Autonomous Driving Business Line Layout
6.6.3 Adhere to Integrated and Synchronous R&D of Software and Hardware
6.6.4 Released New-generation L4 Autonomous Driving System
6.6.5 L4 Autonomous Driving System: Hardware Architecture (1)
6.6.6 L4 Autonomous Driving System: Hardware Architecture (2)
6.6.7 L4 Autonomous Driving System: Computing Unit (1)
6.6.8 L4 Autonomous Driving System: Computing Unit (2)
6.6.9 L4 Autonomous Driving System: Data Closed Loop Capabilities
6.6.10 L4 Autonomous Driving System Application Cooperation: Toyota
6.6.11 L4 Autonomous Driving Commercialization: Robotaxi (1)
6.6.12 L4 Autonomous Driving Commercialization: Robotaxi (2)
6.6.13 L4 Autonomous Driving Commercialization: Robotruck

6.7 WeRide
6.7.1 Profile
6.7.2 Autonomous Driving Platform
6.7.3 Autonomous Driving Technology
6.7.4 Core Autonomous Driving Technologies
6.7.5 Autonomous Driving Technology Application: Providing Technical Support to Nissan
6.7.6 Autonomous Driving Technology 1: Data Closed Loop
6.7.7 Autonomous Driving Technology 2: Redundancy
6.7.8 Autonomous Driving Technology 3: Algorithm
6.7.9 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi (1)
6.7.10 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi (2)
6.7.11 L4 Product 2: Robobus (1)
6.7.12 L4 Product 2: Robobus (2)
6.7.13 L4 Product 3: Robo Street Sweeper

6.8 AutoX
6.8.1 Profile
6.8.2 Autonomous Driving System - AutoX Gen5
6.8.3 Autonomous Driving Technology
6.8.4 L4 Product: Robotaxi
6.8.5 L4 Product: Operation of Robotaxi
6.8.6 Firmly Follow the L4 Route

6.9 Momenta
6.9.1 Autonomous Driving Strategy
6.9.2 Autonomous Driving Technology
6.9.3 Autonomous Driving Technology: Algorithm Iteration
6.9.4 Autonomous Driving Solution
6.9.5 L4 Product: Robotaxi

6.10 DeepRoute.ai
6.10.1 123N Strategic Layout
6.10.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Solution
6.10.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (1)
6.10.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (2)
6.10.5 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi
6.10.6 L4 Product 2: Autonomous Container Truck
6.10.7 Overseas Layout

6.11 Huawei
6.11.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology
6.11.2 Mass Production of L4 Autonomous Driving Technology

6.12 Haomo.ai
6.12.1 Passenger Car Autonomous Driving System
6.12.2 Autonomous Vehicle Technology 1 (1)
6.12.3 Autonomous Vehicle Technology 1 (2)
6.12.4 Autonomous Vehicle Technology 2
6.12.5 Autonomous Vehicle Technology 3 (1)
6.12.6 Autonomous Vehicle Technology 3 (2)
6.12.7 L4 Product 1
6.12.8 L3/L4 Product 2

6.13 Allride.ai
6.13.1 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi
6.13.2 L4 Product 2: Robobus

6.14 UISEE Technology
6.14.1 Profile
6.14.2 Main Autonomous Driving Product Solutions
6.14.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Platform
6.14.4 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi
6.14.5 L4 Product 2: Autonomous Logistics
6.14.6 L4 Product 3: Autonomous Delivery (1)
6.14.7 L4 Product 3: Autonomous Delivery (2)
6.14.8 L4 Product 4: Autonomous Minibus

6.15 Idriverplus
6.15.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (1)
6.15.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (2)
6.15.3 L4 Product 1: Robotaxi
6.15.4 L4 Product 2: Robobus
6.15.5 L4 Product 3: Autonomous Logistics Vehicle
6.15.6 L4 Technology Application

6.16 QCraft
6.16.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Development Strategy
6.16.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology Layout
6.16.3 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 1: Algorithm
6.16.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 2: QMatrix
6.16.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology 3: Perception
6.16.6 L4 Product 1: Autonomous Commercial Vehicle (1)
6.16.7 L4 Product 1: Autonomous Commercial Vehicle (2)
6.16.8 L4 Product 2: Robotaxi

6.17 TuSimple
6.17.1 Profile
6.17.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Business Layout
6.17.3 Autonomous Driving Technology Suppliers
6.17.4 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (1)
6.17.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (2)
6.17.6 L4 Autonomous Driving Technology (3)
6.17.7 Autonomous Driving Business Model
6.17.8 Completed L4 Heavy Truck Unmanned Test

6.18 Plus.ai
6.18.1 L4 Autonomous Driving Layout
6.18.2 L4 Autonomous Driving Planning
6.18.3 L4 Autonomous Driving System
6.18.4 Business Model of Logistics Company + OEM + Autonomous Driving Company
6.18.5 L4 Autonomous Driving Application (1)
6.18.6 L4 Autonomous Driving Application (2)

6.19 Inceptio Technology
6.19.1 Autonomous Driving System Evolution
6.19.2 Self-developed Autonomous Driving Technology 1
6.19.3 Self-developed Autonomous Driving Technology 2
6.19.4 Self-developed Autonomous Driving Technology 3

6.20 CiDi
6.20.1 L4 Product 1
6.20.2 L4 Product 2

6.21 Deepway
6.21.1 Delivered New Intelligent Vehicles
6.21.2 Obtained Road Test Licenses