Table of Content
?TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Oral Rehydration Salt
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Oral Rehydration Salt Segment by Type
1.2.2 Oral Rehydration Salt Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2017-2028)
2.1.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2017-2028)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
3.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
3.3 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.4 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Average Price by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
3.5 Manufacturers Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Sites, Area Served, Product Type
3.6 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.6.1 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Concentration Rate
3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Oral Rehydration Salt Players Market Share by Revenue
3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Oral Rehydration Salt Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Oral Rehydration Salt Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview and Market Concentration Analysis of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Oral Rehydration Salt Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Market Restraints
5.5 Industry News
5.5.1 New Product Developments
5.5.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.5.3 Expansions
5.5.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.6 Industry Policies
6 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
6.3 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
6.4 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Price by Type (2017-2022)
7 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Sales by Application (2017-2022)
7.3 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) by Application (2017-2022)
7.4 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)
8 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Segmentation by Region
8.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 North America
8.2.1 North America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country
8.2.2 U.S.
8.2.3 Canada
8.2.4 Mexico
8.3 Europe
8.3.1 Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country
8.3.2 Germany
8.3.3 France
8.3.4 U.K.
8.3.5 Italy
8.3.6 Russia
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region
8.4.2 China
8.4.3 Japan
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 India
8.4.6 Southeast Asia
8.5 South America
8.5.1 South America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Columbia
8.6 Middle East and Africa
8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region
8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
8.6.3 UAE
8.6.4 Egypt
8.6.5 Nigeria
8.6.6 South Africa
9 Key Companies Profiled
9.1 Abbott
9.1.1 Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.1.2 Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.1.3 Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.1.4 Abbott Business Overview
9.1.5 Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
9.1.6 Abbott Recent Developments
9.2 SANOFI
9.2.1 SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.2.2 SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.2.3 SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.2.4 SANOFI Business Overview
9.2.5 SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
9.2.6 SANOFI Recent Developments
9.3 Otsuka Pharmaceutical
9.3.1 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.3.2 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.3.3 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.3.4 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Business Overview
9.3.5 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
9.3.6 Otsuka Pharmaceutical Recent Developments
9.4 AmJan
9.4.1 AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.4.2 AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.4.3 AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.4.4 AmJan Business Overview
9.4.5 AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
9.4.6 AmJan Recent Developments
9.5 FDC
9.5.1 FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.5.2 FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.5.3 FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.5.4 FDC Business Overview
9.5.5 FDC Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
9.5.6 FDC Recent Developments
9.6 Prestige Brands
9.6.1 Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.6.2 Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.6.3 Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.6.4 Prestige Brands Business Overview
9.6.5 Prestige Brands Recent Developments
9.7 Halewood Laboratories
9.7.1 Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.7.2 Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.7.3 Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.7.4 Halewood Laboratories Business Overview
9.7.5 Halewood Laboratories Recent Developments
9.8 Nutriset
9.8.1 Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.8.2 Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.8.3 Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.8.4 Nutriset Business Overview
9.8.5 Nutriset Recent Developments
9.9 DripDrop
9.9.1 DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.9.2 DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.9.3 DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.9.4 DripDrop Business Overview
9.9.5 DripDrop Recent Developments
9.10 Pendopharm
9.10.1 Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
9.10.2 Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
9.10.3 Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Product Market Performance
9.10.4 Pendopharm Business Overview
9.10.5 Pendopharm Recent Developments
10 Oral Rehydration Salt Market Forecast by Region
10.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast
10.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Forecast by Region
10.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.2 Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.3 Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Region
10.2.4 South America Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country
10.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Consumption of Oral Rehydration Salt by Country
11 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2022-2028)
11.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Forecast by Type (2022-2028)
11.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type (2022-2028)
11.1.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Type (2022-2028)
11.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type (2022-2028)
11.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Forecast by Application (2022-2028)
11.2.1 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application
11.2.2 Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2022-2028)
12 Conclusion and Key Findings
List of Figures
?LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Introduction of the Type
Table 2. Introduction of the Application
Table 3. Market Size (M USD) Segment Executive Summary
Table 4. Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) Comparison by Region (M USD)
Table 5. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
Table 6. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
Table 7. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Revenue (M USD) by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
Table 8. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2017-2022)
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Oral Rehydration Salt as of 2021)
Table 10. Global Market Oral Rehydration Salt Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers (2017-2022)
Table 11. Manufacturers Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Oral Rehydration Salt Product Type
Table 13. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table 15. Industry Chain Map of Oral Rehydration Salt
Table 16. Raw Materials
Table 17. Midstream Market Analysis
Table 18. Downstream Customer Analysis
Table 19. Key Development Trends
Table 20. Driving Factors
Table 21. Oral Rehydration Salt Market Challenges
Table 22. Market Restraints
Table 23. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Type (K Units)
Table 24. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size by Type (M USD)
Table 25. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) by Type (2017-2022)
Table 26. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table 27. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) by Type (2017-2022)
Table 28. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table 29. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2017-2022)
Table 30. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) by Application
Table 31. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size by Application
Table 32. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 33. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table 34. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Application (2017-2022) & (M USD)
Table 35. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table 36. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)
Table 37. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 38. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Table 39. North America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 40. Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 41. Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 42. South America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Country (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 43. Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Sales by Region (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Table 44. Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 45. Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 46. Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 47. Abbott Business Overview
Table 48. Abbott Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
Table 49. Abbott Recent Developments
Table 50. SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 51. SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 52. SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 53. SANOFI Business Overview
Table 54. SANOFI Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
Table 55. SANOFI Recent Developments
Table 56. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 57. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 58. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 59. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Business Overview
Table 60. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
Table 61. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Recent Developments
Table 62. AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 63. AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 64. AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 65. AmJan Business Overview
Table 66. AmJan Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
Table 67. AmJan Recent Developments
Table 68. FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 69. FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 70. FDC Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 71. FDC Business Overview
Table 72. FDC Oral Rehydration Salt SWOT Analysis
Table 73. FDC Recent Developments
Table 74. Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 75. Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 76. Prestige Brands Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 77. Prestige Brands Business Overview
Table 78. Prestige Brands Recent Developments
Table 79. Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 80. Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 81. Halewood Laboratories Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 82. Halewood Laboratories Business Overview
Table 83. Halewood Laboratories Recent Developments
Table 84. Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 85. Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 86. Nutriset Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 87. Nutriset Business Overview
Table 88. Nutriset Recent Developments
Table 89. DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 90. DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 91. DripDrop Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 92. DripDrop Business Overview
Table 93. DripDrop Recent Developments
Table 94. Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Basic Information
Table 95. Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Product Overview
Table 96. Pendopharm Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units), Market Size (M USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Table 97. Pendopharm Business Overview
Table 98. Pendopharm Recent Developments
Table 99. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Region (K Units)
Table 100. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Region (M USD)
Table 101. North America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (K Units)
Table 102. North America Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 103. Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (K Units)
Table 104. Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 105. Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Region (2022-2028) & (K Units)
Table 106. Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Region (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 107. South America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (K Units)
Table 108. South America Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 109. Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Consumption Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (Units)
Table 110. Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Country (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 111. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2028) & (K Units)
Table 112. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Type (2022-2028) & (M USD)
Table 113. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Price Forecast by Type (2022-2028) & (USD/Unit)
Table 114. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2022-2028)
Table 115. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Application (2022-2028) & (M USD)
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Oral Rehydration Salt
Figure 2. Data Triangulation
Figure 3. Key Caveats
Figure 4. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD), 2017-2028
Figure 5. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) (2017-2028)
Figure 6. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) & (2017-2028)
Figure 7. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 8. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 9. Evaluation Matrix of Regional Market Development Potential
Figure 10. Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size (M USD) by Country (M USD)
Figure 11. Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 12. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 13. Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3): 2017 VS 2021
Figure 14. Global Market Oral Rehydration Salt Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Manufacturers in 2020
Figure 15. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Oral Rehydration Salt Revenue in 2021
Figure 16. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
Figure 17. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Type
Figure 18. Sales Market Share of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type (2017-2022)
Figure 19. Sales Market Share of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type in 2021
Figure 20. Market Size Share of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type (2017-2022)
Figure 21. Market Size Market Share of Oral Rehydration Salt by Type in 2020
Figure 22. Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
Figure 23. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Application
Figure 24. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Figure 25. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Application in 2021
Figure 26. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Figure 27. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 28. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Growth Rate by Application (2017-2022)
Figure 29. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
Figure 30. North America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 31. North America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 32. U.S. Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 33. Canada Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure 34. Mexico Oral Rehydration Salt Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure 35. Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 36. Europe Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 37. Germany Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 38. France Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 39. U.K. Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 40. Italy Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 41. Russia Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 42. Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 43. Asia Pacific Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 44. China Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 45. Japan Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 46. South Korea Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 47. India Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 48. Southeast Asia Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 49. South America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 50. South America Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 51. Brazil Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 52. Argentina Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 53. Columbia Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 54. Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (K Units)
Figure 55. Middle East and Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 56. Saudi Arabia Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 57. UAE Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 58. Egypt Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 59. Nigeria Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 60. South Africa Oral Rehydration Salt Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022) & (K Units)
Figure 61. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Volume (2017-2028) & (K Units)
Figure 62. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Size Forecast by Value (2017-2028) & (M USD)
Figure 63. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2028)
Figure 64. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2028)
Figure 65. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2028)
Figure 66. Global Oral Rehydration Salt Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2028)