Table of Content

"1    INTRODUCTION    22
1.1    STUDY OBJECTIVES    22
1.2    MARKET DEFINITION    22
1.2.1    INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS    23
1.3    STUDY SCOPE    24
FIGURE 1    MARKET SEGMENTATION    24
1.4    REGIONS COVERED    24
1.5    YEARS CONSIDERED    25
1.6    CURRENCY CONSIDERED    25
TABLE 1    USD EXCHANGE RATES, 2018–2020    26
1.7    VOLUME UNITS CONSIDERED    26
1.8    STAKEHOLDERS    26
1.9    SUMMARY OF CHANGES    27
2    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY    28
2.1    RESEARCH DATA    28
FIGURE 2    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN    28
2.1.1    SECONDARY DATA    29
2.1.1.1    Key data from secondary sources    29
2.1.2    PRIMARY DATA    29
2.1.2.1    Key industry insights    30
2.1.2.2    Breakdown of primary interviews    31
FIGURE 3    BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS: BY COMPANY TYPE, DESIGNATION, AND REGION    31
2.2    MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION    31
FIGURE 4    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: SUPPLY SIDE (1/2)    32
FIGURE 5    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION:
SUPPLY SIDE (2/2)    33
FIGURE 6    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: DEMAND SIDE    33
2.2.1    MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH    34
FIGURE 7    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION:
BOTTOM-UP APPROACH    34
2.2.2    MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH    35
FIGURE 8    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION:
TOP-DOWN APPROACH    35
2.3    DATA TRIANGULATION    36
FIGURE 9    DATA TRIANGULATION METHODOLOGY    36
2.4    STUDY ASSUMPTIONS    37
2.5    RESEARCH LIMITATIONS & ASSOCIATED RISKS    38
2.6    MARKET SCENARIOS CONSIDERED FOR IMPACT OF COVID-19    38
2.6.1    SCENARIO-BASED MODELING    39
2.7    INTRODUCTION TO COVID-19    39
2.8    COVID-19 HEALTH ASSESSMENT    40
FIGURE 10    COVID-19: GLOBAL PROPAGATION    40
FIGURE 11    COVID-19 PROPAGATION: SELECT COUNTRIES    41
2.9    COVID-19 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT    42
FIGURE 12    REVISED GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT FORECAST FOR SELECT G20 COUNTRIES IN 2020    42
2.9.1    COVID-19 ECONOMIC IMPACT—SCENARIO ASSESSMENT    43
FIGURE 13    CRITERIA IMPACTING GLOBAL ECONOMY    43
FIGURE 14    SCENARIOS IN TERMS OF RECOVERY OF GLOBAL ECONOMY    44
3    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY    46
FIGURE 15    IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY SCENARIO, 2020 VS. 2021 (USD MILLION)    46
FIGURE 16    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2021 VS. 2026 (USD MILLION)    47
FIGURE 17    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2021 VS. 2026 (USD MILLION)    48
FIGURE 18    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021 VS. 2026 (USD MILLION)    48
FIGURE 19    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SHARE, BY FORM,
2021 VS. 2026 (IN TERMS OF VALUE)    49
FIGURE 20    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SHARE (IN TERMS OF VALUE),
BY REGION, 2020    50
4    PREMIUM INSIGHTS    51
4.1    ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET    51
FIGURE 21    GROWING HEALTH AWARENESS AMONG CONSUMERS TOWARD USE OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN DIET TO DRIVE MARKET GROWTH    51
4.2    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY KEY COUNTRY    52
FIGURE 22    US DOMINATED GLOBAL MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET IN 2020    52
4.3    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY KEY COUNTRY AND SOURCE    53
FIGURE 23    CHINA HELD LARGEST SHARE OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC IN 2020    53
4.4    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION AND REGION    54
FIGURE 24    NORTH AMERICA CAPTURED LARGEST MARKET SHARE ACROSS ALL APPLICATIONS IN 2020    54
4.5    COVID-19 IMPACT ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET    55
FIGURE 25    CHART OF PRE- & POST-COVID SCENARIOS IN MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET    55

5    MARKET OVERVIEW    56
5.1    INTRODUCTION    56
5.2    MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS    56
5.2.1    DEVELOPMENTS IN RETAIL INDUSTRY    56
FIGURE 26    INDIA: RETAIL MARKET SIZE, 2021 (USD BILLION)    56
FIGURE 27    INDIA: ONLINE RETAIL MARKET SIZE (USD BILLION)    57
FIGURE 28    AUSTRALIA: RETAIL SALES OF FUNCTIONAL AND FORTIFIED FOOD PRODUCTS, 2018–2022 (USD MILLION)    57
5.2.1.1    Vegetable oil consumption    58
FIGURE 29    PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OF VEGETABLE OILS IN SELECTED COUNTRIES, 2005–2027 (KG)    58
5.3    MARKET DYNAMICS    59
FIGURE 30    MARKET DYNAMICS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET    59
5.3.1    DRIVERS    59
5.3.1.1    Increasing use of medium-chain triglycerides in diets as alternative energy source    59
5.3.1.2    Growing focus of global population on adding healthy food to their diet    60
FIGURE 31    TRENDS IN DIETARY FACTORS AND OTHER EXERCISE TO MAINTAIN HEALTHY LIFESTYLE, 2020    60
5.3.1.3    Rising incidences of chronic diseases    61
FIGURE 32    CHRONIC DISEASES WERE AMONG TOP TEN CAUSES OF DEATH AMONG ALL AGES, 2019 (MILLION)    62
5.3.2    RESTRAINTS    62
5.3.2.1    Availability of mineral oils as substitute    62
5.3.2.2    Unsuitability of medium-chain triglycerides for patients with certain medical conditions    62
5.3.3    OPPORTUNITIES    63
5.3.3.1    Surging demand for natural and organic beauty products    63
5.3.3.2    Growing trend of microencapsulation of fats and oils    63
5.3.4    CHALLENGES    63
5.3.4.1    High cost of food products due to overdependence on imports significant gap in their demand and supply    63
5.4    IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MARKET    64
5.4.1    COVID-19 BOOSTS DEMAND FOR HIGH-QUALITY NATURAL PRODUCTS    64
5.4.2    IMPACT ON RAW MATERIAL AVAILABILITY AND DISRUPTIONS IN SUPPLY CHAIN    64
5.4.3    SHIFT TOWARD PLANT-BASED INGREDIENTS    65
6    INDUSTRY TRENDS    66
6.1    INTRODUCTION    66
6.2    SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS    66
FIGURE 33    PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURING PLAY VITAL ROLE IN
SUPPLY CHAIN OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES    66

6.3    ECOSYSTEM    67
FIGURE 34    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET MAP    67
TABLE 2    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: ECOSYSTEM    68
6.3.1    UPSTREAM    69
6.3.2    INGREDIENT MANUFACTURERS    69
6.3.3    TECHNOLOGY PROVIDERS    69
6.3.4    END USERS    69
6.3.4.1    Downstream    69
6.3.5    REGULATORY BODIES    69
6.3.6    STARTUPS/EMERGING COMPANIES    70
6.4    VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS    70
FIGURE 35    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: VALUE CHAIN    71
6.4.1    RAW MATERIAL SOURCING AND RESEARCH & PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT    71
6.4.2    PRODUCTION & PROCESSING    71
6.4.3    DISTRIBUTION AND MARKETING & SALES    72
6.5    TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS    72
6.5.1    MICROENCAPSULATION    72
6.5.1.1    Encapsulation of omega-3 to mask odor    72
6.5.2    USE OF ROBOTICS IN MANUFACTURING    73
6.6    TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS    73
FIGURE 36    TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMERS    73
6.7    PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS    74
TABLE 3    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS    74
6.7.1    INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY    74
6.7.2    BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS    74
6.7.3    BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS    75
6.7.4    THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS    75
6.7.5    THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES    75
6.8    PATENTS ANALYSIS    76
FIGURE 37    BREAKDOWN OF SAMPLES INTERVIEWED FOR PATENTS RELATED TO MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES (2020)    76
TABLE 4    KEY PATENTS PERTAINING TO MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES    76
6.9    TRADE ANALYSIS    78
FIGURE 40    MAJOR EXPORTERS OF PALM OIL, 2008–2011 (MILLION TONS)    80
FIGURE 41    CHINA: VEGETABLE OIL IMPORTS, 2000–2018 (MILLION TONS)    81
FIGURE 42    ROW: EDIBLE OIL EXPORTS, BY KEY COUNTRY, 2019 (USD THOUSAND)    81
6.10    CASE STUDIES    82
6.10.1    USE CASE 1: TASTEWISE’S AI AND MACHINE LEARNING SOLUTION HELPED MEET INCREASING DEMAND    82
6.10.2    USE CASE 2: MINDRIGHT’S BARS HELPED COMBAT MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES    83

7    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE    84
7.1    INTRODUCTION    85
TABLE 5    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES: FATTY ACIDS & CHEMICAL FORMULA    85
FIGURE 44    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    85
TABLE 6    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    86
TABLE 7    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    86
7.2    CAPRYLIC ACID    86
7.2.1    INCREASING USE OF CAPRYLIC ACID IN VARIOUS PHARMACEUTICAL, PERSONAL CARE, BEAUTY, AND FOOD PRODUCTS PROPELS MARKET GROWTH    86
TABLE 8    CAPRYLIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    87
TABLE 9    CAPRYLIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    87
7.3    CAPRIC ACID    88
7.3.1    GROWING NUMBER OF END USERS AND RISING INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS DRIVE DEMAND FOR CAPRIC ACID    88
TABLE 10    CAPRIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    88
TABLE 11    CAPRIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    88
7.4    LAURIC ACID    89
7.4.1    RISING NEED FOR LAURIC ACID IN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY FUELS MARKET GROWTH    89
TABLE 12    LAURIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    89
TABLE 13    LAURIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    89
7.5    CAPROIC ACID    90
7.5.1    INCREASING DEMAND FOR CAPROIC ACID FROM FRAGRANCE AND FLAVOR INDUSTRY TO MAKE CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS SUPPORTS MARKET GROWTH    90
TABLE 14    CAPROIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    90
TABLE 15    CAPROIC ACID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    90
8    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE    91
8.1    INTRODUCTION    92
FIGURE 45    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET SHARE, BY SOURCE,
2021 VS. 2026 (IN TERMS OF VALUE)    92
TABLE 16    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    92
TABLE 17    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    93
8.2    COCONUT    93
8.2.1    HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF LAURIC ACID AND ITS HEALTH BENEFITS, INCLUDING CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECTS, WEIGHT LOSS, AND REGULATING BLOOD PRESSURE, ACCELERATE MARKET GROWTH    93
TABLE 18    COCONUT: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    94
TABLE 19    COCONUT: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    94
8.3    PALM    94
8.3.1    INTENSE CONCERNS FOR HARMFUL EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS USED IN TOILETRY PRODUCTS AND COSMETICS BOOST MARKET GROWTH    94
FIGURE 46    GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF PALM OIL, 2000–2018    95
TABLE 20    PALM: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    95
TABLE 21    PALM: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    96
8.4    OTHER SOURCES    96
TABLE 22    OTHER SOURCES: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    96
TABLE 23    OTHER SOURCES: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    96
9    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM    97
9.1    INTRODUCTION    98
FIGURE 47    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021 VS. 2026 (USD MILLION)    98
TABLE 24    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    98
TABLE 25    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    98
9.2    DRY    99
9.2.1    SIGNIFICANT USE OF DRY MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS AND INFANT FORMULA TO DRIVE MARKET GROWTH    99
TABLE 26    DRY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    99
TABLE 27    DRY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    99
9.3    LIQUID    100
9.3.1    HIGH CONVENIENCE AND WIDE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS OF LIQUID MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDE OIL TO BOOST MARKET GROWTH    100
TABLE 28    LIQUID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    100
TABLE 29    LIQUID: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    100

10    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION    101
10.1    INTRODUCTION    102
FIGURE 48    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021 VS. 2026 (USD MILLION)    102
TABLE 30    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    102
TABLE 31    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    103
10.2    COVID-19 IMPACT ON THE MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION    103
10.2.1    OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO    104
TABLE 32    OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    104
10.2.2    REALISTIC SCENARIO    104
TABLE 33    REALISTIC SCENARIO: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    104
10.2.3    PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO    105
TABLE 34    PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    105
10.3    NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS    105
10.3.1    THERMOGENESIS AND HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECTS OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES STIMULATE MARKET GROWTH    105
TABLE 35    NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    106
TABLE 36    NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    106
10.4    PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS    107
10.4.1    HIGH DEMAND FOR MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN COSMETICS INDUSTRY AS ALTERNATIVE TO MINERAL OIL BOOSTS MARKET GROWTH    107
TABLE 37    PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
 BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    107
TABLE 38    PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    108
10.5    PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS    108
10.5.1    INCREASED USE OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY OWING TO THEIR LOW VISCOSITY AND EXCELLENT OXIDATIVE STABILITY PROPELS MARKET GROWTH    108
TABLE 39    PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    108
TABLE 40    PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    109
10.6    SPORTS DRINKS    109
10.6.1    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES ACT AS EXTRA ENERGY SOURCE FOR ATHLETES AND SPORTSPERSONS, THEREBY ACCELERATING MARKET GROWTH    109
TABLE 41    SPORTS DRINKS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    109
TABLE 42    SPORTS DRINKS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    110
10.7    INFANT FORMULA    110
10.7.1    INCREASED INCORPORATION OF MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN MILK FORMULATION FOR INFANTS STIMULATES MARKET GROWTH    110
TABLE 43    INFANT FORMULA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    110
TABLE 44    INFANT FORMULA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    111
10.8    OTHER APPLICATIONS    111
TABLE 45    OTHER APPLICATIONS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    111
TABLE 46    OTHER APPLICATIONS: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY REGION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    112
11    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION    113
11.1    INTRODUCTION    114
FIGURE 49    GEOGRAPHICAL SNAPSHOT (2021–2026): ASIA PACIFIC EMERGING AS NEW HOTSPOT FOR MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES    114
TABLE 47    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    115
TABLE 48    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    115
11.2    COVID-19 IMPACT ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION    115
11.2.1    OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO    116
TABLE 49    OPTIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    116
11.2.2    REALISTIC SCENARIO    116
TABLE 50    REALISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    116
11.2.3    PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO    117
TABLE 51    PESSIMISTIC SCENARIO: COVID-19 IMPACT ON MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)    117
11.3    NORTH AMERICA    117
FIGURE 50    NORTH AMERICA: MARKET SNAPSHOT    118
TABLE 52    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    118
TABLE 53    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    119
TABLE 54    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    119
TABLE 55    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    119
TABLE 56    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    120
TABLE 57    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    120
TABLE 58    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    120
TABLE 59    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    121
TABLE 60    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    121
TABLE 61    NORTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    121
11.3.1    US    122
11.3.1.1    Strong presence of key market players and rising prevalence of obesity to drive market growth    122
TABLE 62    US: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    122
TABLE 63    US: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    123
11.3.2    CANADA    123
11.3.2.1    Supportive government policies and growing consumer awareness regarding healthy diet to fuel market growth    123
TABLE 64    CANADA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    124
TABLE 65    CANADA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    124
11.3.3    MEXICO    125
11.3.3.1    Increased per capita expenditure on nutritious and healthy foods to boost demand for medium-chain triglycerides    125
FIGURE 51    MEXICO: PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE ON FOOD, 2010–2018    125
TABLE 66    MEXICO: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    126
TABLE 67    MEXICO: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    126
11.4    EUROPE    127
TABLE 68    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    127
TABLE 69    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    128
TABLE 70    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    128
TABLE 71    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    128
TABLE 72    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    129
TABLE 73    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    129
TABLE 74    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    129
TABLE 75    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    130
TABLE 76    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    130
TABLE 77    EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    130
11.4.1    GERMANY    131
11.4.1.1    Robust presence of key market players and huge base of elderly population create opportunities for MCT products in country    131
TABLE 78    GERMANY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    131
TABLE 79    GERMANY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    132
11.4.2    FRANCE    132
11.4.2.1    High preference for better eating habits, especially in women, leads to increased adoption of MCTs as alternatives to meals, supporting market growth    132
TABLE 80    FRANCE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    133
TABLE 81    FRANCE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    133
11.4.3    UK    134
11.4.3.1    Increased awareness of consumers regarding functional ingredients and other wellness ingredients drives market growth    134
TABLE 82    UK: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    134
TABLE 83    UK: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    135
11.4.4    ITALY    135
11.4.4.1    Changing food pattern consumption, coupled with increasing number of chronic patients, leads to growing adoption of medium-chain triglycerides in daily diet    135
TABLE 84    ITALY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    136
TABLE 85    ITALY: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    136
11.4.5    REST OF EUROPE    136
TABLE 86    REST OF EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    137
TABLE 87    REST OF EUROPE: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    137
11.5    ASIA PACIFIC    138
FIGURE 52    ASIA PACIFIC: MARKET SNAPSHOT    138
TABLE 88    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    139
TABLE 89    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    139
TABLE 90    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    139
TABLE 91    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    140
TABLE 92    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    140
TABLE 93    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    140
TABLE 94    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    141
TABLE 95    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    141
TABLE 96    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    141
TABLE 97    ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    142
11.5.1    CHINA    142
11.5.1.1    Changing lifestyles of consumers and high preference for fortified food & beverage products to spur market growth in China    142
TABLE 98    CHINA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    143
TABLE 99    CHINA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    143
11.5.2    JAPAN    143
11.5.2.1    Westernized food consumption patterns, along with inclination toward balance and healthy diets, projected to drive market growth in Japan    143
TABLE 100    JAPAN: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    144
TABLE 101    JAPAN: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    144
11.5.3    INDIA    145
11.5.3.1    Rising hospitalization costs drive consumer demand for medium-chain triglycerides    145
TABLE 102    INDIA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    145
TABLE 103    INDIA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    146
11.5.4    AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND    146
11.5.4.1    Consumer preference to spend on nutritional food products to foster market in Australia & New Zealand    146
TABLE 104    AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    147
TABLE 105    AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    147
11.5.5    REST OF ASIA PACIFIC    147
TABLE 106    REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
 BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    148
TABLE 107    REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    148
11.6    REST OF THE WORLD (ROW)    149
FIGURE 53    ROW: RISING PER CAPITA FOOD EXPENDITURE, BY KEY COUNTRY,
2012–2018 (USD)    149
TABLE 108    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    149
TABLE 109    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    150
TABLE 110    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    150
TABLE 111    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FATTY ACID TYPE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    150
TABLE 112    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    151
TABLE 113    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY SOURCE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    151
TABLE 114    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    151
TABLE 115    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY FORM,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    151
TABLE 116    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    152
TABLE 117    ROW: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    152
11.6.1    SOUTH AMERICA    152
11.6.1.1    Prevalence of undernourishment to elevate demand for medium-chain triglycerides in South America    152
FIGURE 54    NUTRITION TREND IN ARGENTINA, 2012–2019    153
TABLE 118    SOUTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    154
TABLE 119    SOUTH AMERICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET,
BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    154
11.6.2    AFRICA    154
11.6.2.1    Increased incorporation of medium-chain triglycerides in local diet fuels market growth    154
TABLE 120    AFRICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    155
TABLE 121    AFRICA: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    155
11.6.3    MIDDLE EAST    156
11.6.3.1    High influence of Western culture to push demand for medium-chain triglycerides    156
TABLE 122    MIDDLE EAST: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2015–2020 (USD MILLION)    156
TABLE 123    MIDDLE EAST: MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    157
12    COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE    158
12.1    OVERVIEW    158
12.2    MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS    158
TABLE 124    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: DEGREE OF COMPETITION    158
12.3    HISTORICAL REVENUE ANALYSIS OF KEY PLAYERS    159
FIGURE 55    THREE-YEAR TOTAL REVENUE ANALYSIS OF KEY MARKET PLAYERS,
2015–2019 (USD BILLION)    159
12.4    COVID-19-SPECIFIC COMPANY RESPONSE    160
12.4.1    BASF SE    160
12.4.2    KONINKLIJKE DSM N.V.    160
12.4.3    DUPONT    160
12.4.4    MUSIM MAS HOLDINGS    160
12.4.5    LONZA GROUP LTD.    160
12.5    COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT (KEY PLAYERS)    161
12.5.1    STAR    161
12.5.2    EMERGING LEADER    161
12.5.3    PERVASIVE PLAYER    161
12.5.4    PARTICIPANT    161
FIGURE 56    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2020 (KEY PLAYERS)    162
12.6    PRODUCT FOOTPRINT    163
TABLE 125    COMPANY FOOTPRINT, BY SOURCE    163
TABLE 126    COMPANY FOOTPRINT, BY APPLICATION    164
TABLE 127    COMPANY FOOTPRINT, BY REGION    165
TABLE 128    COMPANY FOOTPRINT    166
12.7    COMPETITIVE EVALUATION QUADRANT (OTHER PLAYERS)    167
12.7.1    PROGRESSIVE COMPANY    167
12.7.2    STARTING BLOCK    167
12.7.3    RESPONSIVE COMPANY    167
12.7.4    DYNAMIC COMPANY    167
FIGURE 57    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2020 (OTHER PLAYERS)    168
12.8    COMPETITIVE SCENARIO    169
12.8.1    PRODUCT LAUNCHES    169
TABLE 129    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: PRODUCT LAUNCHES, APRIL 2021    169
12.8.2    DEALS    169
TABLE 130    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES MARKET: DEALS, MARCH 2016–SEPTEMBER 2016    169
13    COMPANY PROFILES    170
(Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view)*
13.1    KEY PLAYERS    170
13.1.1    BASF SE    170
TABLE 131    BASF SE: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    170
FIGURE 58    BASF SE: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    171
TABLE 132    BASF SE: PRODUCTS OFFERED    171
13.1.2    DUPONT    173
TABLE 133    DUPONT: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    173
FIGURE 59    DUPONT: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    174
TABLE 134    DUPONT: PRODUCTS OFFERED    174
13.1.3    KONINKLIJKE DSM N.V.    176
TABLE 135    KONINKLIJKE DSM N.V.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    176
FIGURE 60    KONINKLIJKE DSM N.V.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    177
TABLE 136    KONINKLIJKE DSM N.V.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    177
13.1.4    LONZA GROUP LTD.    179
TABLE 137    LONZA GROUP LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    179
FIGURE 61    LONZA GROUP LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    180
TABLE 138    LONZA GROUP LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    180
13.1.5    MUSIM MAS HOLDINGS    182
TABLE 139    MUSIM MAS HOLDINGS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    182
TABLE 140    MUSIM MAS HOLDINGS: PRODUCTS OFFERED    182
13.1.6    CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC.    184
TABLE 141    CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    184
FIGURE 62    CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    185
TABLE 142    CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    185
13.1.7    P&G CHEMICALS    187
TABLE 143    P&G CHEMICALS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    187
FIGURE 63    P&G CHEMICALS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    188
TABLE 144    P&G CHEMICALS: PRODUCTS OFFERED    188
13.1.8    ACME-HARDESTY COMPANY    190
TABLE 145    ACME-HARDESTY COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    190
TABLE 146    ACME-HARDESTY COMPANY: PRODUCTS OFFERED    190
13.1.9    WILMAR INTERNATIONAL LTD.    191
TABLE 147    WILMAR INTERNATIONAL LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    191
FIGURE 64    WILMAR INTERNATIONAL LTD.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    192
TABLE 148    WILMAR INTERNATIONAL LTD.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    192
13.1.10    STEPAN COMPANY    194
TABLE 149    STEPAN COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    194
FIGURE 65    STEPAN COMPANY: COMPANY SNAPSHOT    194
TABLE 150    STEPAN COMPANY.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    195
13.2    OTHER PLAYERS    196
13.2.1    STERNCHEMIE GMNH & CO. KG    196
TABLE 151    STERNCHEMIE GMBH & CO KG: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    196
TABLE 152    STERNCHEMIE GMBH & CO KG.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    196
TABLE 153    MEDIUM-CHAIN TRIGYCERIDES MARKET: PRODUCT LAUNCH, APRIL 2021    197
13.2.2    EMERY OLEOCHEMICALS GROUP    198
TABLE 154    EMERY OLEOCHEMICALS GROUP: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    198
TABLE 155    EMERY OLEOCHEMICALS GROUP: PRODUCTS OFFERED    198
13.2.3    KLK OLEO    200
TABLE 156    KLK OLEO: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    200
TABLE 157    KLK OLEO: PRODUCTS OFFERED    200
13.2.4    NUTRICIA    202
TABLE 158    NUTRICIA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    202
TABLE 159    NUTRICIA.: PRODUCTS OFFERED    202
13.2.5    CONNOILS    203
TABLE 160    CONNOILS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW    203
TABLE 161    CONNOILS: PRODUCTS OFFERED    203
13.2.6    BARLEAN’S    204
13.2.7    JARROW FORMULAS    204
13.2.8    HENRY LAMOTTE OILS GMBH    205
13.2.9    NOW FOODS    205
13.2.10    NUTIVA    206
*Details on Business overview, Products offered, Recent Developments, MNM view might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
14    ADJACENT & RELATED MARKETS    207
14.1    INTRODUCTION    207
14.2    LIMITATIONS    207
14.3    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET    208
14.3.1    MARKET DEFINITION    208
14.3.2    MARKET OVERVIEW    208
14.3.3    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY TYPE    209
TABLE 162    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY TYPE,
2016–2020 (USD MILLION)    209
TABLE 163    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY TYPE,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    210
14.3.4    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY REGION    210
TABLE 164    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY REGION,
2016–2020 (USD MILLION)    211
TABLE 165    FUNCTIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS MARKET, BY REGION,
2021–2026 (USD MILLION)    211
14.4    OMEGA-3 MARKET    211
14.4.1    LIMITATIONS    211
14.4.2    MARKET DEFINITION    212
14.4.3    MARKET OVERVIEW    212
14.4.4    OMEGA-3 MARKET, BY APPLICATION    212
TABLE 166    OMEGA-3 MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION)    213
14.4.5    OMEGA-3 MARKET, BY REGION    213
14.4.5.1    Introduction    213
TABLE 167    OMEGA-3 MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (USD MILLION)    214
TABLE 168    OMEGA-3 MARKET, BY REGION, 2017–2025 (KT)    214

15    APPENDIX    215
15.1    DISCUSSION GUIDE    215
15.2    KNOWLEDGE STORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL    220
15.3    AVAILABLE CUSTOMIZATIONS    222
15.2    AUTHOR DETAILS    223"