Table of Content

1 INTRODUCTION (Page No. - 32)
    1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
    1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
    1.3 MARKETS SCOPE
           1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED
                    FIGURE 1 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SEGMENTATION
           1.3.2 REGIONAL SCOPE
           1.3.3 YEARS CONSIDERED
    1.4 CURRENCY & PRICING
    1.5 USD EXCHANGE RATE
    1.6 INCLUSIONS & EXCLUSIONS
    1.7 STAKEHOLDERS
    1.8 SUMMARY OF CHANGES

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Page No. - 37)
    2.1 RESEARCH DATA
           FIGURE 2 REPORT PROCESS FLOW
           FIGURE 3 RESEARCH DESIGN
           2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA
           2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA
    2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
           2.2.1 MARKET DEFINITION & SCOPE
           2.2.2 SEGMENTS AND SUBSEGMENTS
    2.3 RESEARCH APPROACH & METHODOLOGY
           2.3.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
           2.3.2 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET FOR VERTICALS
                    FIGURE 4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
           2.3.3 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
                    FIGURE 5 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY: TOP-DOWN APPROACH
    2.4 TRIANGULATION & VALIDATION
           FIGURE 6 DATA TRIANGULATION
           2.4.1 TRIANGULATION THROUGH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH
    2.5 GROWTH RATE ASSUMPTIONS
    2.6 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
    2.7 RISKS
    2.8 LIMITATIONS

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (Page No. - 46)
    FIGURE 7 SOFTWARE SOLUTION SEGMENT ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARE OF COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET
    FIGURE 8 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022
    FIGURE 9 NORTH AMERICA TO HOLD LARGEST SHARE DURING FORECAST PERIOD

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS (Page No. - 50)
    4.1 ATTRACTIVE GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET
           FIGURE 10 INCREASING REQUIREMENT FOR INTEGRATION OF VARIOUS FORCES TO DRIVE MARKET
    4.2 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY APPLICATION
           FIGURE 11 GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE SEGMENT PROJECTED TO LEAD MARKET
    4.3 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY SOLUTION
           FIGURE 12 SOFTWARE PROJECTED TO LEAD MARKET FROM 2022 TO 2027
    4.4 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY PLATFORM
           FIGURE 13 LAND SEGMENT PROJECTED TO LEAD MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD
    4.5 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY INSTALLATION TYPE
           FIGURE 14 NEW INSTALLATION PROJECTED TO LEAD MARKET
    4.6 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY COUNTRY
           FIGURE 15 INDIA PROJECTED TO BE FASTEST-GROWING MARKET

5 MARKET OVERVIEW (Page No. - 53)
    5.1 INTRODUCTION
    5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
           FIGURE 16 DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET
           5.2.1 DRIVERS
                    5.2.1.1 Need for enhanced integrated situational awareness to support decision-making
                    5.2.1.2 Increasing need for interoperability between security devices/technologies
                    5.2.1.3 Modernization of existing military infrastructure
                    5.2.1.4 Use of space-based command and control infrastructure for enhanced connectivity and mission support
                    5.2.1.5 Increased use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and IoT to assist decision-making
                    5.2.1.6 Cloud computing and data storage solutions for command and control
                    5.2.1.7 Public safety concerns to accelerate smart city adoption
           5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
                    5.2.2.1 High development and maintenance costs
                    5.2.2.2 Threats from cyberattacks
                               FIGURE 17 CYBERCRIME: SHARE OF TOP 10 COUNTRIES, 2021
           5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
                    5.2.3.1 Demand for integrated command and control systems in transportation, healthcare, and law enforcement sectors
                    5.2.3.2 Integration of satellite-based geospatial analytical tools with command and control systems
                    5.2.3.3 Integration of electronic warfare protection systems in command and control systems
                    5.2.3.4 Integration of air, land, and sea forces with command and control systems
                    5.2.3.5 Rise of 5G to accelerate adoption of smart city solutions
                               FIGURE 18 PERCENTAGE OF GLOBAL CONNECTIONS IN 2018 AND 2023
           5.2.4 CHALLENGES
                    5.2.4.1 Challenges in data storage and analysis
                    5.2.4.2 Asymmetrical warfare
    5.3 OPERATIONAL DATA
           TABLE 1 NEWLY CONSTRUCTED AND UPGRADED AIRPORTS
           TABLE 2 TOTAL INVESTMENT IN SMART CITIES INITIATIVE (2018-2023)
    5.4 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
           FIGURE 19 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
    5.5 MARKET ECOSYSTEM
           FIGURE 20 COMMAND AND CONTROL MARKET ECOSYSTEM
           5.5.1 PROMINENT COMPANIES
           5.5.2 PRIVATE AND SMALL ENTERPRISES
           5.5.3 END USERS
    5.6 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET
           FIGURE 21 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
    5.7 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
           5.7.1 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
                    FIGURE 22 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
           5.7.2 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
           5.7.3 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
           5.7.4 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
           5.7.5 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
           5.7.6 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
    5.8 PRICING ANALYSIS
           TABLE 3 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE RANGE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS, BY EQUIPMENT & CAPABILITIES (USD)
    5.9 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
           5.9.1 CASE STUDY: HONEYWELL ENABLES EFFICIENT FLIGHT ROUTING FOR NEWARK LIBERTY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
           5.9.2 CASE STUDY: BANE NOR SELECTED THALES TO PROVIDE NEXT-GENERATION NATIONAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

6 INDUSTRY TRENDS (Page No. - 70)
    6.1 INTRODUCTION
    6.2 EMERGING TRENDS
           6.2.1 TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND PRODUCT ENHANCEMENT
           6.2.2 BIG DATA AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
           6.2.3 IOT
           6.2.4 TACTICAL CLOUD APPLICATIONS
           6.2.5 OPEN ARCHITECTURE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
                    TABLE 4 BENEFITS OF OPEN ARCHITECTURE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
           6.2.6 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR ALL ECHELONS
           6.2.7 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM-BASED COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
                    TABLE 5 KEY APPLICATION AREAS OF GIS IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
           6.2.8 DIRECT VIEW LED VIDEO WALLS
    6.3 USE CASES
           6.3.1 ROLE OF COMMAND AND CONTROL CENTER IN SAFE RUNNING OF METRO RAIL SYSTEMS
           6.3.2 COMMAND AND CONTROL IN SPACE OPERATIONS
           6.3.3 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS IN CIVIC ADMINISTRATION AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
           6.3.4 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS AT SECURED SITES
    6.4 PATENT ANALYSIS
           TABLE 6 LIST OF MAJOR PATENTS FOR COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

7 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY TYPE (Page No. - 76)
    7.1 INTRODUCTION
    7.2 FIXED COMMAND CENTERS
    7.3 DEPLOYABLE COMMAND CENTERS
           7.3.1 MOBILE LAND COMMAND CENTERS
           7.3.2 MOBILE AIRBORNE COMMAND CENTERS

8 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY APPLICATION (Page No. - 78)
    8.1 INTRODUCTION
           FIGURE 23 COMMERCIAL SEGMENT TO GROW AT A HIGHER CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD
           TABLE 7 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
           TABLE 8 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
    8.2 GOVERNMENT & DEFENSE
           8.2.1 MILITARY
                    8.2.1.1 Battle management
                               8.2.1.1.1 Increasing use of battle management systems for real-time information sharing to drive market
                    8.2.1.2 Air and missile defense
                               8.2.1.2.1 Need for early warning systems to counter aerial threats to drive market
                    8.2.1.3 Nuclear defense
                               8.2.1.3.1 Upgrades and modernization of nuclear command and control systems to drive market
                    8.2.1.4 Combat management
                               8.2.1.4.1 Modernization of combat management systems to drive market
                    8.2.1.5 Artillery control
                               8.2.1.5.1 Need for centralized structure for artillery control to drive market
                    8.2.1.6 Space asset management
                               8.2.1.6.1 Need for space asset management control satellites for various missions to drive market
                    8.2.1.7 Defense cybersecurity
                               8.2.1.7.1 Need for robust cybersecurity solutions to drive market
                    8.2.1.8 Unmanned control
                               8.2.1.8.1 Increasing use of UAVs in surveillance and intelligence gathering applications to drive segment
           8.2.2 HOMELAND SECURITY & CYBER PROTECTION
                    8.2.2.1 Disaster management and first responders
                               8.2.2.1.1 Use of disaster management systems for dispatching first responders and giving instructions to drive market
                    8.2.2.2 Public safety & law enforcement
                               8.2.2.2.1 Public safety & law enforcement increasing demand for physical security information management systems
                                             8.2.2.2.1.1 Integrated command and control centers
                                             8.2.2.2.1.2 Public transport command and control centers
                                             8.2.2.2.1.3 Utilities command and control centers
                    8.2.2.3 Government critical infrastructure security
                               8.2.2.3.1 Need to protect critical infrastructure to drive market
    8.3 COMMERCIAL
           8.3.1 INDUSTRIAL
                    8.3.1.1 Industrial uses of command and control systems include security management of various manufacturing facilities
           8.3.2 CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
                    8.3.2.1 Various command and control systems used for security management of critical infrastructure
           8.3.3 TRANSPORTATION
                    8.3.3.1 Air traffic management
                               8.3.3.1.1 Increase in passenger traffic to drive segment
                    8.3.3.2 Vessel tracking management
                               8.3.3.2.1 Increase in commercial shipping has led to investment in vessel tracking systems
                    8.3.3.3 Metro and rail control room solutions
                               8.3.3.3.1 Metro expansions in different countries to drive market
           8.3.4 SMART CITY COMMAND CENTER
                    8.3.4.1 Rising investment in smart cities to drive demand for smart city command centers
           8.3.5 GROUND CONTROL STATIONS FOR SPACE
                    8.3.5.1 Increase in use of constellations of satellites for missions to drive demand for ground control stations for space
           8.3.6 OTHERS

9 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY PLATFORM (Page No. - 87)
    9.1 INTRODUCTION
           FIGURE 24 SPACE SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD
           TABLE 9 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
           TABLE 10 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
    9.2 LAND
           9.2.1 HEADQUARTERS & COMMAND CENTERS
                    9.2.1.1 Battalion-level need for situational awareness and battlefield management driving adoption of command and control systems
                               9.2.1.1.1 Battalion level
                               9.2.1.1.2 Platoon level
                               9.2.1.1.3 Dismounted soldiers
                               9.2.1.1.4 Joint force
           9.2.2 VEHICULAR
                    9.2.2.1 Increasing use of multi-mission vehicles for reconnaissance and target acquisition to drive segment
           9.2.3 COMMERCIAL INSTALLATIONS
                    9.2.3.1 Increase in global automation and remote piloting to drive segment
    9.3 MARITIME
           9.3.1 SHIP BASED
                    9.3.1.1 Development of new ships and upgrades to existing command and control systems to drive market
           9.3.2 COASTAL SECURITY & VESSEL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
                    9.3.2.1 Use of command and control systems to enable efficient maritime operations to drive market
                               9.3.2.1.1 Global maritime situational awareness
                               9.3.2.1.2 Anti-piracy
    9.4 AIRBORNE
           9.4.1 MANNED
                    9.4.1.1 Use of manned aircraft for surveillance activities to drive market
           9.4.2 UNMANNED
                    9.4.2.1 Requirement of control centers to operate UAVs to gain tactical advantages to drive market
    9.5 SPACE
           9.5.1 SATELLITE OPERATION CENTERS
                    9.5.1.1 Increased use of earth-observation satellites for command and control to drive market

10 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY SOLUTION (Page No. - 96)
     10.1 INTRODUCTION
             FIGURE 25 SOFTWARE SEGMENT TO GROW AT HIGHEST CAGR DURING FORECAST PERIOD
             TABLE 11 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 12 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     10.2 HARDWARE
             10.2.1 IT INFRASTRUCTURE
                        10.2.1.1 Increasing use of handheld devices for dismounted soldiers to drive segment
             10.2.2 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS & DATALINKS
                        10.2.2.1 Enhance interception and processing capabilities of electronic transmission
             10.2.3 PERIPHERALS
                        10.2.3.1 Need for rugged computers for increased situational awareness driving market
                                     TABLE 13 NEW WEARABLE DEVICES FOR SOLDIERS
     10.3 SOFTWARE
             10.3.1 INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY & SECURITY MANAGEMENT
                        10.3.1.1 Increasing use of satellite-based systems and artificial intelligence to drive market
             10.3.2 PHYSICAL SECURITY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
                        10.3.2.1 Deployment of cost-effective wireless IP-based solutions driving market
             10.3.3 SIGNALING & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
                        10.3.3.1 Use of self-adaptive traffic signal control systems to drive market
             10.3.4 MILITARY SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
                        10.3.4.1 Increasing use of airborne platform for military situational awareness to drive market
     10.4 SERVICES
             10.4.1 SYSTEM INTEGRATION & ENGINEERING
                        10.4.1.1 Ongoing upgrades to command and control systems to drive segment
             10.4.2 SIMULATION & TRAINING
                        10.4.2.1 Increased use of AR and VR for simulation & training of militaries to fuel segment
             10.4.3 LOGISTICS & MAINTENANCE
                        10.4.3.1 Constant need for maintenance and replacement of hardware parts to drive segment

11 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET, BY INSTALLATION (Page No. - 103)
     11.1 INTRODUCTION
             FIGURE 26 NEW INSTALLATION SEGMENT TO GROW AT A HIGHER CAGR
             TABLE 14 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY INSTALLATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 15 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY INSTALLATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     11.2 NEW INSTALLATION
             11.2.1 DEPLOYMENT OF ADVANCED COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS TO DRIVE SEGMENT
     11.3 UPGRADATIONS
             11.3.1 CONSTANT UPGRADES REQUIRED TO KEEP SYSTEMS UP-TO-DATE AND RESILIENT TO THREATS

12 REGIONAL ANALYSIS (Page No. - 106)
     12.1 INTRODUCTION
             FIGURE 27 NORTH AMERICA TO ACCOUNT FOR LARGEST SHARE OF COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET
             TABLE 16 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 17 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     12.2 NORTH AMERICA
             FIGURE 28 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SNAPSHOT
             TABLE 18 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 19 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 20 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 21 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 22 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 23 NORTH AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.2.1 US
                        12.2.1.1 Increased investments in modernizing command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 24 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 25 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 26 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 27 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 28 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 29 US: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.2.2 CANADA
                        12.2.2.1 Government support, a key factor driving market
                                     TABLE 30 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 31 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 32 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 33 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 34 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 35 CANADA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     12.3 EUROPE
             FIGURE 29 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SNAPSHOT
             TABLE 36 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 37 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 38 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 39 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 40 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 41 EUROPE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.3.1 RUSSIA
                        12.3.1.1 Development of automated command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 42 RUSSIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 43 RUSSIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 44 RUSSIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 45 RUSSIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.3.2 UK
                        12.3.2.1 Investment in air command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 46 UK: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 47 UK: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 48 UK: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 49 UK: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.3.3 GERMANY
                        12.3.3.1 Increased investments in command and control systems for air defense systems and commercial railway to drive market
                                     TABLE 50 GERMANY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 51 GERMANY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 52 GERMANY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 53 GERMANY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.3.4 FRANCE
                        12.3.4.1 Increased investments in internal security command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 54 FRANCE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 55 FRANCE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 56 FRANCE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 57 FRANCE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.3.5 ITALY
                        12.3.5.1 Focus on upgrading command and control systems for unmanned vehicles and cyber operations to drive market
                                     TABLE 58 ITALY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 59 ITALY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 60 ITALY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 61 ITALY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     12.4 ASIA PACIFIC
             FIGURE 30 ASIA PACIFIC COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SNAPSHOT
             TABLE 62 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 63 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 64 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 65 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 66 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 67 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 68 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 69 ASIA PACIFIC: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.1 CHINA
                        12.4.1.1 Territorial disputes driving country to invest in modernizing its command and control systems
                                     TABLE 70 CHINA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 71 CHINA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 72 CHINA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 73 CHINA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.2 INDIA
                        12.4.2.1 Development of command and control systems by domestic defense companies driving market
                                     TABLE 74 INDIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 75 INDIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 76 INDIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 77 INDIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.3 JAPAN
                        12.4.3.1 Increasing threats from China and North Korea driving Japan to upgrade its command and control systems
                                     TABLE 78 JAPAN: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 79 JAPAN: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 80 JAPAN: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018–2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 81 JAPAN: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022–2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.4 SOUTH KOREA
                        12.4.4.1 Adoption of C4I systems to manage threats from ballistic missiles boosts market
                                     TABLE 82 SOUTH KOREA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 83 SOUTH KOREA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 84 SOUTH KOREA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 85 SOUTH KOREA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.5 SINGAPORE
                        12.4.5.1 Increased use of artificial intelligence and data analytics in military operations to drive market
                                     TABLE 86 SINGAPORE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 87 SINGAPORE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 88 SINGAPORE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 89 SINGAPORE: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.4.6 AUSTRALIA
                        12.4.6.1 Installation of new command and control systems for battlespace management driving market
                                     TABLE 90 AUSTRALIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 91 AUSTRALIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 92 AUSTRALIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 93 AUSTRALIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     12.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
             TABLE 94 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2022 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 95 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 96 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 97 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 98 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 99 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 100 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 101 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.5.1 ISRAEL
                        12.5.1.1 Presence of major defense companies to drive market
                                     TABLE 102 ISRAEL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 103 ISRAEL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 104 ISRAEL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 105 ISRAEL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.5.2 SAUDI ARABIA
                        12.5.2.1 Modernization of command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 106 SAUDI ARABIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 107 SAUDI ARABIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 108 SAUDI ARABIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 109 SAUDI ARABIA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.5.3 TURKEY
                        12.5.3.1 Border disputes and increased military spending to drive market
                                     TABLE 110 TURKEY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 111 TURKEY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 112 TURKEY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 113 TURKEY: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.5.4 SOUTH AFRICA
                        12.5.4.1 Growth of market can be attributed to increasing number of modernization programs
                                     TABLE 114 SOUTH AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 115 SOUTH AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 116 SOUTH AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 117 SOUTH AFRICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
     12.6 LATIN AMERICA
             TABLE 118 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 119 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 120 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 121 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 122 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 123 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 124 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
             TABLE 125 LATIN AMERICA: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.6.1 BRAZIL
                        12.6.1.1 Increased investments for development and procurement of command and control systems to drive market
                                     TABLE 126 BRAZIL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 127 BRAZIL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 128 BRAZIL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 129 BRAZIL: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
             12.6.2 MEXICO
                        12.6.2.1 Investments to upgrade command and control systems for law enforcement to drive market
                                     TABLE 130 MEXICO: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 131 MEXICO: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 132 MEXICO: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2018—2021 (USD MILLION)
                                     TABLE 133 MEXICO: COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET SIZE, BY PLATFORM, 2022—2027 (USD MILLION)

13 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE (Page No. - 152)
     13.1 INTRODUCTION
             TABLE 134 KEY DEVELOPMENTS BY LEADING PLAYERS IN COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET BETWEEN JANUARY 2018 AND SEPTEMBER 2022
     13.2 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS OF LEADING PLAYERS, 2021
             TABLE 135 DEGREE OF COMPETITION
     13.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS 2019–2021
             FIGURE 31 COLLECTIVE REVENUE SHARE OF TOP FIVE PLAYERS
     13.4 RANKING ANALYSIS, 2021
             FIGURE 32 REVENUE GENERATED BY TOP FIVE PLAYERS, 2021
     13.5 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE MARKET PLAYERS, 2021
             FIGURE 33 REVENUE ANALYSIS OF TOP FIVE MARKET PLAYERS
     13.6 COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT
             13.6.1 STARS
             13.6.2 EMERGING LEADERS
             13.6.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
             13.6.4 PARTICIPANTS
                        FIGURE 34 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET COMPANY EVALUATION QUADRANT, 2021
                        TABLE 136 COMPANY REGION FOOTPRINT
                        TABLE 137 COMPANY APPLICATION FOOTPRINT
     13.7 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING
             13.7.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
             13.7.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
             13.7.3 STARTING BLOCKS
             13.7.4 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
                        FIGURE 35 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET COMPETITIVE LEADERSHIP MAPPING (SME), 2021
     13.8 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
             13.8.1 LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
                        TABLE 138 COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEMS MARKET DEALS/CONTRACTS/PARTNERSHIPS, 2018-2022

14 COMPANY PROFILES (Page No. - 175)
     14.1 INTRODUCTION
     14.2 KEY PLAYERS
(Business Overview, Products/Services/Solutions Offered, MnM View, Key Strengths and Right to Win, Strategic Choices Made, Weaknesses and Competitive Threats, Recent Developments)* 
             14.2.1 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION
                        TABLE 139 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 36 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 140 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION: DEALS
             14.2.2 RAYTHEON COMPANY
                        TABLE 141 RAYTHEON COMPANY: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 37 RAYTHEON COMPANY: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 142 RAYTHEON COMPANY: DEALS
             14.2.3 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION
                        TABLE 143 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 38 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 144 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORPORATION: DEALS
             14.2.4 BAE SYSTEMS
                        TABLE 145 BAE SYSTEMS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 39 BAE SYSTEMS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 146 BAE SYSTEMS: PRODUCT LAUNCH
                        TABLE 147 BAE SYSTEMS: DEALS
             14.2.5 LEONARDO S.P.A.
                        TABLE 148 LEONARDO S.P.A.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 40 LEONARDO S.P.A.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 149 LEONARDO S.P.A.: DEALS
             14.2.6 THALES GROUP
                        TABLE 150 THALES GROUP: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 41 THALES GROUP: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 151 THALES GROUP: DEALS
             14.2.7 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION
                        TABLE 152 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 42 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 153 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION: DEALS
             14.2.8 ELBIT SYSTEMS LTD
                        TABLE 154 ELBIT SYSTEMS LTD: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 43 ELBIT SYSTEMS LTD: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 155 ELBIT SYSTEMS LTD: DEALS
             14.2.9 RHEINMETALL AG
                        TABLE 156 RHEINMETALL AG: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 44 RHEINMETALL AG: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 157 RHEINMETALL AG: DEALS
             14.2.10 L3HARRIS TECHNOLOGIES
                        TABLE 158 L3HARRIS TECHNOLOGIES: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 45 L3HARRIS TECHNOLOGIES: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 159 L3HARRIS TECHNOLOGIES: DEALS
             14.2.11 SAAB AB
                        TABLE 160 SAAB AB: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 46 SAAB AB: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 161 SAAB AB: DEALS
             14.2.12 ISRAEL AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES
                        TABLE 162 ISRAEL AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        TABLE 163 ISRAEL AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES: DEALS
             14.2.13 SYSTEMATIC A/S
                        TABLE 164 SYSTEMATIC A/S: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
             14.2.14 AIRBUS S.A.S
                        TABLE 165 AIRBUS S.A.S: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        TABLE 166 AIRBUS S.A.S: DEALS
             14.2.15 ULTRA ELECTRONICS
                        TABLE 167 ULTRA ELECTRONICS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        TABLE 168 ULTRA ELECTRONICS: DEALS
             14.2.16 KONGSBERG
                        TABLE 169 KONGSBERG: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        TABLE 170 KONGSBERG: DEALS
             14.2.17 LIG NEX1
                        TABLE 171 LIG NEX1: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        TABLE 172 LIG NEX1: DEALS
             14.2.18 INDRA
                        TABLE 173 INDRA: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
                        FIGURE 47 INDRA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
                        TABLE 174 INDRA: DEALS
             14.2.19 TSG IT
                        TABLE 175 TSG IT: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
             14.2.20 MISTRAL SOLUTIONS
                        TABLE 176 MISTRAL SOLUTIONS: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
             14.2.21 BLUE STAR ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS LTD.
                        TABLE 177 BLUE STAR ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS LTD.: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
             14.2.22 EXCELERATE
                        TABLE 178 EXCELERATE: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
             14.2.23 MATTHEWS SPECIALTY VEHICLES
                        TABLE 179 MATTHEWS SPECIALTY VEHICLES: BUSINESS OVERVIEW
*Business Overview, Products/Services/Solutions Offered, MnM View, Key Strengths and Right to Win, Strategic Choices Made, Weaknesses and Competitive Threats, Recent Developments might not be captured in case of unlisted companies. 

15 APPENDIX (Page No. - 234)
     15.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE
     15.2 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
     15.3 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
     15.4 RELATED REPORTS
     15.5 AUTHOR DETAILS