Table of Content

1. Preface
1.1. Objectives of the Study
1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
1.3. Years Considered for the Study
1.4. Currency & Pricing
1.5. Language
1.6. Limitations
1.7. Assumptions
1.8. Stakeholders

2. Research Methodology
2.1. Define: Research Objective
2.2. Determine: Research Design
2.3. Prepare: Research Instrument
2.4. Collect: Data Source
2.5. Analyze: Data Interpretation
2.6. Formulate: Data Verification
2.7. Publish: Research Report
2.8. Repeat: Report Update

3. Executive Summary

4. Market Overview
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market, by Region

5. Market Insights
5.1. Market Dynamics
5.1.1. Drivers
5.1.1.1. Increasing road transportation and logistics activities worldwide
5.1.1.2. Rising use to improve engine performance of heavy-duty vehicles
5.1.1.3. Stringent governmental regulations for carbon emissions and pollution control
5.1.2. Restraints
5.1.2.1. High costs of commercial vehicle lubricants
5.1.3. Opportunities
5.1.3.1. Introduction of commercial electric vehicles
5.1.3.2. Emergence of bio-lubricants to reduce environmental impacts
5.1.4. Challenges
5.1.4.1. Environmental impacts of mineral oil-based lubricants
5.2. Market Segmentation Analysis
5.3. Market Trend Analysis
5.4. Cumulative Impact of High Inflation
5.5. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
5.5.1. Threat of New Entrants
5.5.2. Threat of Substitutes
5.5.3. Bargaining Power of Customers
5.5.4. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
5.5.5. Industry Rivalry
5.6. Value Chain & Critical Path Analysis
5.7. Regulatory Framework

6. Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market, by Product Type
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Engine Oils Greases
6.3. Hydraulic Fluids
6.4. Transmission & Gear Oils

7. Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market, by Oil Type
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Conventional
7.3. Semisynthetic
7.4. Synthetic

8. Americas Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Argentina
8.3. Brazil
8.4. Canada
8.5. Mexico
8.6. United States

9. Asia-Pacific Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Australia
9.3. China
9.4. India
9.5. Indonesia
9.6. Japan
9.7. Malaysia
9.8. Philippines
9.9. Singapore
9.10. South Korea
9.11. Taiwan
9.12. Thailand
9.13. Vietnam

10. Europe, Middle East & Africa Commercial Vehicles Lubricants Market
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Denmark
10.3. Egypt
10.4. Finland
10.5. France
10.6. Germany
10.7. Israel
10.8. Italy
10.9. Netherlands
10.10. Nigeria
10.11. Norway
10.12. Poland
10.13. Qatar
10.14. Russia
10.15. Saudi Arabia
10.16. South Africa
10.17. Spain
10.18. Sweden
10.19. Switzerland
10.20. Turkey
10.21. United Arab Emirates
10.22. United Kingdom

11. Competitive Landscape
11.1. FPNV Positioning Matrix
11.2. Market Share Analysis, By Key Player
11.3. Competitive Scenario Analysis, By Key Player

12. Competitive Portfolio
12.1. Key Company Profiles
12.1.1. AMSOIL Inc.
12.1.2. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
12.1.3. BP PLC
12.1.4. Chevron Corporation
12.1.5. China National Petroleum Corporation
12.1.6. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation
12.1.7. ENEOS Corporation
12.1.8. ExxonMobil Corporation
12.1.9. FUCHS Group
12.1.10. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
12.1.11. Phillips 66 Lubricants
12.1.12. Royal Dutch Shell PLC
12.1.13. Sinopec Lubricant Company
12.1.14. TotalEnergies SE
12.1.15. U.S. Venture, Inc.
12.1.16. Valvoline Inc.
12.2. Key Product Portfolio

13. Appendix
13.1. Discussion Guide
13.2. License & Pricing



List of Figures

FIGURE 1. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET RESEARCH PROCESS
FIGURE 2. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, 2023 VS 2030
FIGURE 3. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 4. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 5. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 6. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET DYNAMICS
FIGURE 7. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 8. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 9. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 10. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 11. AMERICAS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 12. AMERICAS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 13. UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY STATE, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 14. UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY STATE, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 15. ASIA-PACIFIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 16. ASIA-PACIFIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 17. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2030 (%)
FIGURE 18. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2030 (USD MILLION)
FIGURE 19. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET, FPNV POSITIONING MATRIX, 2023
FIGURE 20. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SHARE, BY KEY PLAYER, 2023

List of Tables

TABLE 1. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SEGMENTATION & COVERAGE
TABLE 2. UNITED STATES DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE, 2018–2023
TABLE 3. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 4. GLOBAL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 5. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 6. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY ENGINE OILS GREASES, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 7. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY HYDRAULIC FLUIDS, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 8. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY TRANSMISSION & GEAR OILS, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 9. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 10. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY CONVENTIONAL, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 11. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY SEMISYNTHETIC, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 12. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY SYNTHETIC, BY REGION, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 13. AMERICAS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 14. AMERICAS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 15. AMERICAS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 16. ARGENTINA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 17. ARGENTINA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 18. BRAZIL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 19. BRAZIL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 20. CANADA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 21. CANADA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 22. MEXICO COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 23. MEXICO COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 24. UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 25. UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 26. UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY STATE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 27. ASIA-PACIFIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 28. ASIA-PACIFIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 29. ASIA-PACIFIC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 30. AUSTRALIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 31. AUSTRALIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 32. CHINA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 33. CHINA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 34. INDIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 35. INDIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 36. INDONESIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 37. INDONESIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 38. JAPAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 39. JAPAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 40. MALAYSIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 41. MALAYSIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 42. PHILIPPINES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 43. PHILIPPINES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 44. SINGAPORE COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 45. SINGAPORE COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 46. SOUTH KOREA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 47. SOUTH KOREA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 48. TAIWAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 49. TAIWAN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 50. THAILAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 51. THAILAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 52. VIETNAM COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 53. VIETNAM COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 54. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 55. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 56. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 57. DENMARK COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 58. DENMARK COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 59. EGYPT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 60. EGYPT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 61. FINLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 62. FINLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 63. FRANCE COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 64. FRANCE COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 65. GERMANY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 66. GERMANY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 67. ISRAEL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 68. ISRAEL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 69. ITALY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 70. ITALY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 71. NETHERLANDS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 72. NETHERLANDS COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 73. NIGERIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 74. NIGERIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 75. NORWAY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 76. NORWAY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 77. POLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 78. POLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 79. QATAR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 80. QATAR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 81. RUSSIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 82. RUSSIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 83. SAUDI ARABIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 84. SAUDI ARABIA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 85. SOUTH AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 86. SOUTH AFRICA COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 87. SPAIN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 88. SPAIN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 89. SWEDEN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 90. SWEDEN COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 91. SWITZERLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 92. SWITZERLAND COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 93. TURKEY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 94. TURKEY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 95. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 96. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 97. UNITED KINGDOM COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 98. UNITED KINGDOM COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SIZE, BY OIL TYPE, 2018-2030 (USD MILLION)
TABLE 99. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET, FPNV POSITIONING MATRIX, 2023
TABLE 100. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET SHARE, BY KEY PLAYER, 2023
TABLE 101. COMMERCIAL VEHICLES LUBRICANTS MARKET LICENSE & PRICING